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He studied theology at Helmstedt University 1658-60, and succeeded Johann Crüger in 1662 as Cantor at St Nicholas Cathedral, Berlin, and Director of the College of Music there. From 1668 until his death he was Professor of Music at the College of St Charles, Stettin, and also taught Greek.
His tunes, less massive and more song-like than Crüger's, were composed for his chief publication, a collection of 120 of Paul Gerhardt's hymns set with instrumental accompaniment, 1666-67 (see note on Das ander Dutzen Geistliche Andacht-Lieder, 1666 -- though the title suggests that this was not his first or even main collection)
(See also GDM)
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(See also Julian pp.321a & 1631b)
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(See also Julian pp.321b-322a)
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He was private organist to the Duke of Buccleuch at Dalkeith Place, nr Edinburgh. He moved to Rugby in about 1865 as a music teacher, was organist and music master of Rugby School 1867-86, and conducted the Rugby Philharmonic Orchestra which he had helped to found. He was music editor of the 1876 and 1897 editions of the Rugby School Hymn Book; and he assisted Garrett Horder with the music edition of Worship Song 1905.
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He was Editor of The Musical Times 1897-1909 (and before that a frequent contributor), organist of St John's Wood Presbyterian Church 1881-1905, and a considerable authority on hymn-tune origins.
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He graduated from Jesus College, Oxford in 1830; and was vicar of Rhosymedre, Denbighshire, 1843-85.
Although remembered mainly for his tune Rhosymedre, he wrote a large amount of church music and was much in demand as an Eisteddfod adjudicator. In 1836 he published Original Sacred Music, the first book of hymn tunes for Anglican congregations in Wales; a second volume followed in 1843.
(See also DWB)
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He was the pre-eminent figure in English music in the early twentieth century. His father was a music-seller and organist; he himself became a largely self-taught player of piano, organ, violin, cello, double-bass, bassoon and trombone. At 15 he entered a solicitor's office; but the following year became a free-lance musician playing in local orchestras, for which he arranged and composed, and singing in the Worcester Glee Club, of which he became conductor in 1879.
His first experience of orchestral conducting was with the staff band of a mental home, 1879-84; and he succeeded his father as organist of St George's Roman Catholic Church, Worcester, in 1885. By the 1890s he was established as an accomplished composer of choral and orchestral works. The death of his wife in 1920 brought his composing almost to a stop, although he was working on a third symphony at the time of his death.
He was knighted in 1904, received the Order of Merit in 1911, was Master of the King's Music 1924-34, and created a baronet in 1931. All his life he was a devout Roman Catholic.
(See also DNB; GDM; OCM; OCEL)
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(See also Julian pp.326b-328a & 1631b)
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(see also DNB; Julian p.328)
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(See also Julian pp.328b & 1632a)
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He was a chorister at Leamington Parish Church; then organist of Leamington Episcopal Chapel (Christ Church) 1847-52; Heaton Hall (for the Earl of Wilton) 1852-60); Banbury Parish Church 1860-62; and then in London (St Mary-the-Boltons, Kensington 1862-64; All Saints', St John's Wood 1864-74; St Mark's, Hamilton Terrace 1874-1909).
He published a celebrated book of nursery rhyme settings (1870); helped Arthur Sullivan to prepare the music edition of Church Hymns 1874; was adviser to Ashdowns, the music publishers; and composed anthems, songs, two operettas, and hymn tunes.
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He was a chorister of Canterbury Cathedral; but when his brother Stephen (1805-60) was appointed organist of New College, Oxford, George transferred there. He later studied at the Royal Academy of Music under William Crotch. He was organist of St George's Chapel, Windsor 1835-82; and was knighted in 1871.
His compositions, mostly church music and a few instrumental pieces, reflect the style of the previous century and are now largely forgotten. He is buried outside the west front of St George's Chapel.
(See also DNB; GDM; OCM)
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He was the most important English music printer and publisher of his time, and a member of the Company of Stationers from 1565. He printed the new and enlarged edition of Daman's Psalmes (1591), and in 1592 collected (perhaps commissioned) harmonizations by ten of the greatest English composers of the time for his Whole Booke of Psalmes. In 1601 he published The Triumphs of Oriana, the celebrated collection of madrigals in honour of Queen Elizabeth I.
(See also DNB, GDM, OCM)
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He was a chorister in a Benedictine abbey, then studied at the Electoral Seminary in Munich and was organist of St Michael's Church there 1816-47. He made a close study of church music of the 16th-18th centuries, and his large personal collection of it passed to the Munich Library. He was a leader of the revival of 16th-century music in Germany; and the music he assembled and edited for Cantica Sacra 1840 became a major source of service music for German Catholic choirs. He himself composed a quantity of liturgical music.
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He was educated at Arnold College, Swansea, and University College, Cardiff; he gained the Oxford D.Mus. when only 21. He was organist and choirmaster of Jewin Street Welsh Presbyterian Church, London, 1900-03; and Professor of Music at University College, Cardiff, 1903-39.
He was one of the most distinguished musicians in Wales and much in demand as an Eisteddfod adjudicator. He edited the musical monthly Y Cerddor (The Musician) 1916-21, and published a collection of standard Welsh hymn tunes, Moliant Cenedl 1920. He composed much choral, orchestral and church music, and was chief music editor of the Revised Church Hymnary 1927, in which his work has greatly influenced later hymnals. He also edited Llyfr Emynau a Thonau 1929, the Welsh Methodist hymn-book. He conducted many Welsh hymn-singing festivals; and he died the day after conducting a choir of 4000 voices.
(See also OCM)
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He was originally a draper's assistant; and he went on to be a distinguished composer of vocal music, winning seventy Eisteddfod prizes and himself becoming a celebrated adjudicator.
From 1889-1913 [Note 1*] he edited the music monthly Y Cerddor (The Musician) (from 1899 in collaboration with David Jenkins. He was an influential music critic in the Welsh press, and was music editor of several hymn-books, including the Congregational Y Caniedydd 1895 and the Wesleyan Llyfr Tonau 1904 [Note 2*]. He published a textbook on harmony and a biographical dictionary of Welsh musicians, and harmonized a collection of 500 Welsh folk tunes.
(See also DWB; GDM; OCM)
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For a short time he studied law at Marischal College, Aberdeen, where his father was a lecturer in surgery; but his interest turned towards music and he went to Heidelberg for study. Though never a professional musician he was an accomplished performer on several instruments, and he entered fully into the musical life of Aberdeen. During the Crimean War he joined the army and served in Constantinople; China 1860-62; Fredericton, New Brunswick 1867-69 (where he was assistant catherdral organist and conducted a choral society); and South Australia. In 1883 he retired to Taunton with the rank of Lieut.-Colonel, and was neighbour to the young Ethel Smyth to whom he taught harmony. Although he wrote anthems, part-songs and madrigals, he is now remembered for just one hymn-tune.
During his lengthy absences abroad he left various matters, such as granting permission for the use of his compositions, in the hands of his cousin, also named Alexander Ewing, who was Bishop of Argyll and the Isles. Consequently the composer has often been confused with the Bishop.
(See also GDM)
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He was the son of a German Reformed pastor, and worked for twelve years as a bricklayer and plasterer but later devoted his whole time to teaching singing and to singing at revival meetings. For two years he was the choirmaster at First Methodist Church, Oil City, Pennsylvania. After moving to Chicago in 1883 he published over ninety gospel-song books, and worked with various evangelists including Sam P.Jones and Gypsy Smith. He wrote music for over 2000 gospel songs and not only developed a highly successful publishing business on his own account but also ran the largest publishing agency in America.
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End of Biographies E. Return to Top . . .
(The Rejoice & Sing Enchiridion:edited by David Goodall; last amended 29/3/03)